UFOs: An anfractuous phenomenon
Keith Basterfield
Part two
I recently presented this talk to UFO Research (NSW) Incorporated. They have just uploaded it to Youtube. You will find it at:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S2kt0_gPZkc
Section A3 – what about private enterprise?
Over the years, several aerospace
companies have investigated the phenomenon. Perhaps the biggest study was the
one conducted by McDonnell-Douglas for USM$1/2. They invested this money on the
hope of discovering clues to advanced propulsion systems used by UFOs, which
they could then duplicate. They studied reports from witnesses; reviewed the
UFO literature; and even created a purpose built UFO detection van to undertake
trips within the US to attempt to directly observe the phenomenon.
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| Front cover of McDonnell-Douglas report |
Ultimately though, this work did
not lead to any break throughs.
Section A4 – Finally, global civilian UFO groups
There have been a large number of
civilian UFO groups who have attempted to collect UFO reports on a global
scale. In former years APRO and NICAP spring to mind. Today, perhaps the most
well-known is MUFON based in the USA. There are also organisations which focus
on one specific facet of the phenomenon, such as NARCAP.
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| NARCAP website |
I would next like to take a look
at the investigation aspects of some of the cases reported by civilian
researchers.
Case one:
Captain Ray Bowyer, a pilot of
5000 flying hours experience was piloting a passenger plane when, in April
2007, while crossing the English Channel, he and his passengers saw two
unidentified objects. These objects were also apparently picked up on ground
radar from two locations, and one object was observed by another pilot from a
different position.
On a clear afternoon they saw a
brilliant yellow light close to the horizon, where none should have been.
Viewed through binoculars it looked like a thin cigar with a ratio, of length
to width, of 15 to one. It had sharply defined edges and pointed ends. A second
identical shape was then seen at a distance beyond the first. They were lost to
view, when the plane began to land.
Investigation:
The pilot reported the incident
to the English Civil Aviation Authority. However, it was UFO researchers who
made a detailed study. They studied the visual observations and air traffic
control radar, plus weather data. A search of the available weather radar data
found nothing that was clearly anomalous.
An examination of the air traffic
control radar data also turned up no clear evidence of anomalous propagation
that day. The radar evidence was not useful in establishing the presence of
unusual phenomenon. They considered such explanations as sundog, subsun, sun
ray patches on the sea, aircraft contrails, specular greenhouse reflections,
but none was a definitive explanation for the observations.
Case two:
On 7 November 2006 a number of
reliable airline employees and others, reported seeing a round, revolving, grey
coloured, metallic appearing object hovering over the O’Hare Airport, Chicago
in the US. Based on the known height of the cloud base, the object was at a
height of less than 1900 feet. It was there for at least three minutes. It
departed at speed, apparently causing a hole to form in the cloud cover.
Investigation:
NARCAP investigated. FOI was used
to obtain some of the documentation.
They obtained eyewitness
testimony from ground witnesses. Recorded conversations on inbound controller
tapes were obtained. FAA tower controllers did not see the object and the FAA
stated that, nothing was observed on radar.
Their opinion was that it was a
weather phenomenon. Explanations examined included that it was a weather
balloon; a US military stealth aircraft; a lenticular cloud; or a helicopter.
However in the end NARCAP was
unable to assign any mundane explanation to the event. It remained an unknown
object.
Case three:
Between 6-6.25pm on 8 January
2008, a number of citizens of Stephenville, Texas, in the USA reported sighting
a UFO. It was described as very bright, large and silent.
Investigation:
MUFON investigated this event,
which was part of a much larger set of observations extending weeks. MUFON
members interviewed numerous witnesses and obtained radar data from five
different radar sites. MUFON stated that the radar data indicated the presence
of two unknown objects.
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| From the MUFON report on Stephenville |
SECTION B: Australian
approaches to investigation
B1: Firstly, the Royal Australian Air Force
The Royal Australian Air Force
and other areas of the Department of Defence looked into the subject of UFOs
between around 1951 and the mid 1990’s. The RAAF was the only officially
nominated area of the Australian government to receive and investigate reports
from the public, pilots and air traffic controllers as well as its own
personnel.
Other Australian government
departments did maintain files on UFOs, but these were almost exclusively
administration type files. The former Department of Civil Aviation was a
notable exception, as numerous documents on its own files, refer to sighting
reports.
The RAAF collected reports of
sightings, and attempted to attribute a cause to the observation, via a network
of base level, intelligence officers. However, it rarely launched major
investigations, or reacted immediately, to incoming UFO reports whatever their
nature. There were however, a few instances where RAAF aircraft were despatched
to check out reported UFOs.
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| Flt Lt Biddington was sent to Bendigo to investigate sightings |
Essentially, RAAF investigation
findings, were that the vast majority of reports could be explained in mundane
terms and that the percentage of “unknowns” in their files was in the neighbourhood
of 3-4% of all incoming reports. There was no known major scientific
investigation of UFOs by the Australian government.
We do know that at the time of
the Condon report, the CSIRO were asked by one civilian organisation, if they
would establish a similar scientific research study here in Australia. They
declined.
Today, no Australian government agency admits to openly studying the
subject of UFOs.
However, Paul Dean and I, in our
correspondence and FOI requests, to such areas of government as the Australian
Transport Safety Bureau or Air Services Australia, over the last two years,
have demonstrated that interesting reports continue to be made to such
agencies. However, despite such reports as the 19 March 2014 Perth near miss,
between a civilian airline and an unknown object, no one officially admits that
any of these could be potential UFO reports.
B2: Now to civilian groups
Within Australia there has been
civilian interest in the subject of UFOs since 1947. Formal groups entered the
picture at the beginning of the 1950’s and continue today. Both state and
national level UFO groups have existed; and continue to exist today, a
testimony to the long lasting interest among numerous individuals over the last
68 years.
At times, over the years we have had
a number of national level groups, with acronyms such as AFSRS; CAPIO, UFORA,
ACUFOS and AUFORN. Here, investigation methods have been to attempt to capture,
collate and analyse incoming reports at a national level. Volunteers at local
and state level take to the field to interview witnesses, document their
findings and post them upwards.
I would like to take a moment to talk about the current status of
AUFORN. The Australian UFO Research Network has had a lengthily involvement
with Australian research. At times it has been supported by the majority of
civilian UFO groups in this country. It has conducted in-depth investigations;
funded conferences and published sightings, investigated through a national
level, free call telephone hotline. A while ago I asked Daniel Sims Co-facilitator
of AUFORN to pen some words for me about the current status of AUFORN in order
for me to present them here.
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| AUFORN website |
“AUFORN has undergone some
significant changes in the last three years. It is currently overseen by myself
and Robert Frola. We are and always will be a non-profit organisation…A lot of
people come and go, and chose to volunteer in participating in investigations
when they have time…Like most organisations, we do not pay for people’s
research or pay them to carry out investigations…
AUFORN is now consolidated with
our UFOlogist magazine. So, in return for people providing their efforts, we
provide the opportunity for our volunteers to have their sightings, research,
or articles, published, promoted and fully credited to them…
Many other groups become very
busy…and slowly stop supplying investigations or articles…we understand they
have a commitment to their own groups…we respect that. However we will continue
to encourage that they provide material in order to maximise the success of UFO
and paranormal research in Australia…AUFORN has restructured its operative
model in order to become the tool that others can utilise to keep the
information flowing.
The 1800 sightings report hotline
unfortunately has now come to an end…we have reluctantly had to close down the
free call report line…we ran the free call number for over 10 years…It was
receiving approximately 60 to 80 calls per month for many years, then slowly
decreased as social media became a prominent source for communications…
This is what we are here for. To
enable others to supply articles, research and investigation reports so we can
completely pack our magazine with Australian content and in return, giving any
group or researcher full credit and publication for their efforts…”
Moving away from AUFORN, beside verbal interviews, in the past, a
number of groups undertook some basic scientific analysis of trace cases,
utilising such diverse techniques as magnetic signatures of motor vehicles;
soil analysis; photographic analysis, and thermoluminescence.
Many of you in the audience are
probably unaware of many of these scientific efforts, for they were most
heavily undertaken in the 1970’s and 1980’s when many groups had regular
scientific consultants, who quietly accessed work equipment for their personal
use.
Today we have few reported
vehicle interference cases, and the majority of UFO group members would have no
idea how to conduct a motor vehicle signature test. Similarly, with almost no
ground trace cases, few would have the skills of how to take relevant soil
samples. I believe you could count on one hand, the number of scientific
consultants available to Australian UFO groups today.
I think it would be fair to say that most Australian civilian UFO
groups, in my opinion, have lost their capacity to do any real science on UFO
cases.
Let’s take a look at a few
Australian case examples, and what investigative tools were used:
Case one:
At nine pm one night a man was
driving a vehicle near Liverpool Creek, in Far North Queensland. He noted a
dull white light, apparently sitting on the side of the road. As his vehicle
drew closer, he saw the object was a dark, beehive shape. This rose vertically
into the sky. His car’s headlights, dashboard lights and engine failed. He stopped
his car. The vehicle’s headlights, and dashboard lights came back on of their
own accord. He was then able to restart the car’s engine.
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| Magnetic signature check by UFOR (FNQ) |
Investigation:
A very competent investigation
was conducted by UFO Research FNQ. The witness was interviewed and the car and
site of the encounter examined. A magnetic signature test of the car was
carried out. The same test was conducted on a control vehicle, both Ford Falcon
station wagons. The magnetic field of both vehicles was similar, suggesting
that the witness’ vehicle had not been exposed to a high intensity magnetic
field.
Case two:
Four people in three separate
vehicles, travelling independently of each other, on a remote stretch of road,
near Kimba, South Australia, all saw an unusual object on the side of the road.
They all described seeing an
orange-red coloured, rectangular shape, three metres high by 1.5m wide. Inside
the rectangle, floated a white space suited figure. None of the occupants of
the vehicles stopped to investigate, but all reported the bizarre encounter to
the local police.
Investigation:
The local police were out at the
site of the encounter about an hour after it happened and inspected the area,
but could find nothing out of order at the site. Together with three others I
went to Kimba, interviewed the two main witnesses; interviewed the police
constable involved; obtained copies of the statements of one of the other
witnesses, and later received a letter from the fourth witness. We also went to
the site and inspected it. An unusual event for which I do not have a
conventional explanation.
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| Kimba - on site with the local police |
Case three:
The crew of a charter aircraft
flying between Adelaide and Perth, was at 8000 feet, flying at a speed of 190
knots, tracking 270 degrees at 1740hrs local time. Both pilots saw a large
object and 4-5 smaller objects ahead of the plane, at their flight level. A
check with ground control revealed that there was no known traffic in the area.
Then radio communications between the plane and the ground were lost for some
time.
Over ten minutes the pilots
watched the formation of objects. Finally, all the objects merged and left at
speed. Radio communications were then restored. The weather was fine at the
time.
Investigation:
The details of their observations
was documented by the pilots in writing and submitted to both the RAAF and to
the civilian UFO group VUFORS. The RAAF undertook a cursory investigation but
published no findings. VUFORS did not manage to interview either pilot.
Here we have a long duration
visual observation of a group of unusual objects, although no radar
confirmation, by two experienced pilots.
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| The actual aircraft involved in the encounter |
I tracked down one of the pilots
a couple of years ago and spoke to him. He was still as puzzled by the event,
as he had been at the time.
Case four:
Four people from one family were
travelling together by car across the Nullarbor Plains. An unidentified light
approached their car and over a period of time they reported, a car tyre
exploded; a mist entered the windows; they felt unusual; they noted odd smells. Later they reported finding a black
dust inside the car, and on the outside of the vehicle. They believed a UFO had
lifted them off the road.
Investigation:
Investigations were conducted by
civilian UFO groups; and the South Australian and West Australian police
forces, plus one Adelaide based television station.
UFO researchers, including myself
interviewed the family involved; and three truck drivers who were travelling
along the same road. The TV station had the Australian Mineral Development
Laboratory examine the car. No unusual radiation readings were detected. AMDEL
concluded that the dust found was typical dust, from wearing brake pads and
discs. The burst tyre was due to the tyre having been underinflated.
As part of the investigations, I
secured part of a sample of dust from the roof of the car, which had been taken
by the South Australian police by a forensic detective. Analysis revealed
simply salt and clay particles, consistent with a car driving along the
Nullarbor Plains, by the great southern ocean. US researcher, Dr Richard Haines
also analysed samples of internal floor dust and concluded that it consisted of
particles, found in abundance on the Earth’s surface.
Case five:
At 0913hrs on 19 March 2014, a
passenger aircraft was on descent to Perth International airport when the crew
reported an approaching unidentified object.
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| The aircraft involved in a near-miss near Perth |
At 4000 feet, the crew managed to
manoeuvre the plane to avoid a perceived collision with the object. The
Australian Transport Safety Bureau’s report on the incident called the object
an “unknown.”
Investigation:
Between Paul Dean and I, we
interviewed the pilot; obtained weather details; got primary and secondary
radar data; and submitted Freedom of Information requests to the Australian
Transport Safety Bureau, Air Services Australia and the Department of Defence.
The object was not picked up on
radar, either by the plane or the ground. The object did not trigger the
aircraft’s Transponder Collision Avoidance System.
In summary, in my opinion, Australian civilian UFO research
organisations, in general, have gone backwards in terms of their investigatory
capacity.
(Continued in part 3.)
2016 update
I gave this talk in 2016 to UFO Research (NSW) Incorporated. You may watch it as:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S2kt0_gPZkc
